autonomous growth

Ex: The most significant response has been the growth in every town of a widening range of citizen action groups -- consumer groups, parent-teacher associations and branches of CASE, Shelter groups, Civic Trust groups, tenants' and residents' associations and many other kinds of 'grass roots' organisation.

Ex: His fascination with collecting pictorial representations of the old Spanish Franciscan missions in California is well known.

* delegación de educación y ciencia = local education authority (LEA).

* delegación de organismo público = public sector agency.

* delegación de responsabilidad = empowerment.

* delegación de sanidad = hospital board.

 

delegación sustantivo femenino
1 ( grupo) delegation
2 ( de poderes) delegation
3


delegación sustantivo femenino
1 (representación) delegation
2 (oficina, filial) local office, branch
delegación de Hacienda, Tax Office
' delegación' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
comisión
- condición
- diputación
- embajada
- encabezar
- misión
- representación
English:
delegation
- deputation
- devolution
delegación comercial [de un país] trade delegation delegación regional regional office, area office Esp Delegación del Gobierno = office representing central government in each province; Esp delegación de Hacienda = head tax office [in each province]; Méx delegación de policía police station

- absorption factor
- accountable factor
- alternating-quantity form factor
- amplification factor
- amplifier distortion factor
- amplitude factor
- array factor
- AT form factor
- attenuation factor
- ATX form factor
- autonomous factor
- avalanche multiplication factor
- average noise factor
- Baby AT form factor
- bandwidth factor
- base-transport factor
- beam compression factor
- between factor
- blocking factor
- Boltzmann factor
- branching factor
- bunching factor
- capacitive branch quality factor
- causal factor
- chance factor
- chill factor
- coincidence factor
- collector-current multiplication factor
- color correction factor
- commutation factor
- commutative factor
- compensation factor
- complex factor
- complexity factor
- confidence factor
- constant factor
- constraint factor
- correction factor
- correlation factor
- coupling factor
- crest factor
- cross-modulation factor
- current-amplification factor
- current-multiplication factor
- current-stability factor
- cyclic duration factor
- damping factor
- daylight factor
- Debye-Waller factor
- deflection factor
- deflection uniformity factor
- degeneracy factor
- degeneration factor
- demagnetization curve fullness factor
- demagnetizing factor
- demand factor
- depolarization factor
- depreciation factor
- derating factor
- determining factor
- design factor
- dielectric dissipation factor
- dielectric filling factor
- dielectric loss factor
- dielectric power factor
- diffusion factor
- dimension factor
- dimensionless factor
- directivity factor
- dissipation factor
- distortion factor
- distribution factor
- diversity factor
- duty factor
- electrical form factor
- element factor
- elimination factor
- exogenous factor
- exponential factor
- feedback factor
- ferrite filling factor
- fill factor
- filling factor
- filter factor
- fineness factor
- fixed factor
- flare factor
- flex-ATX form factor
- force factor
- form factor
- free factor
- frequency multiplication factor
- fudge factor
- fullness factor
- g-factor
- gap factor
- gas-amplification factor
- gas-content factor
- gas-multiplication factor
- geometric factor
- geometry factor
- greatest common factor
- greatest prime factor
- grouping factor
- growth factor
- harmonic distortion factor
- heat conductivity factor
- human factor
- hysteresis factor
- impedance mismatch factor
- improvement factor
- inductive branch quality factor
- injection factor
- interlace factor
- interleave factor
- K-factor
- Kell factor
- Landé factor
- leakage factor
- literal factor
- load factor
- loss factor - luminosity factor
- luminous factor
- magnetic dissipation factor
- magnetic form factor
- magnetic leakage factor
- magnetic loss factor
- magnetic power factor
- magnetic splitting factor
- magnetostrictive sensitivity factor
- magnification factor
- magnitude factor
- mains decoupling factor
- mains-interference immunity factor
- mechanical quality factor
- micro-ATX form factor
- mini-ATX form factor
- mismatch factor
- mismatching factor
- modifying factor
- modulation factor
- mu factor
- multiplication factor
- multiplying factor
- mutual inductance factor
- nature factor
- NLX form factor
- noise factor
- noise improvement factor
- nonlinear distortion factor
- nuclear g-factor
- nuclear Landé factor
- nuclear magnetic splitting factor
- numerical factor
- operation factor
- output factor
- overload factor
- packing factor
- peak factor
- penetration factor
- performance factor
- permeability rise factor
- phase factor
- photomultiplication factor
- piezoelectric coupling factor
- pitch factor
- plane-Earth factor
- polarization mismatch factor
- polarization receiving factor
- post-deflection acceleration factor
- power factor
- propagation factor
- propagation terrain factor
- proximity factor
- pulse duty factor
- punch-through factor
- Q-factor
- quality factor
- radiance factor
- reactive factor
- readiness factor
- receiver noise factor
- rectification factor
- rectifier form factor
- reduced quality factor
- reflection factor
- regularization factor
- relative erythemal factor
- relative severity factor
- reliability factor
- relocation factor
- repairability factor
- repeatability factor
- repeating measure factor
- restorability factor
- RF demagnetizing factor
- ripple factor
- rolloff factor
- SA factor
- safety factor
- saturation factor
- scale factor
- scaling factor
- secondary-electron emission factor
- sector interleave factor
- selective availability factor
- shadow factor
- shape factor
- shield factor
- shielding factor
- signal-to-noise factor
- skip factor
- sky factor
- slowing factor
- smoothing factor
- space factor
- space-charge growth factor
- speed-up factor
- spherical-Earth factor
- spot noise factor
- spread factor
- stability factor
- stabilization factor
- standing-wave loss factor
- storage factor
- structure factor
- surround factor
- switching factor
- time-scaling factor
- transfer factor
- transition factor
- transmission factor
- transport factor
- unitary factor
- unity power factor
- unloaded dissipation factor
- utilization factor
- vacuum factor
- velocity factor
- visibility factor
- voltage amplification factor
- weight factor
- weighting factor
- windchill factor
- winding factor
- within factor
- WTX form factor
- Y-factor
- Z-factor
- μ-factor

- absorption factor
- accountable factor
- alternating-quantity form factor
- amplification factor
- amplifier distortion factor
- amplitude factor
- array factor
- AT form factor
- attenuation factor
- ATX form factor
- autonomous factor
- avalanche multiplication factor
- average noise factor
- Baby AT form factor
- bandwidth factor
- base-transport factor
- beam compression factor
- between factor
- blocking factor
- Boltzmann factor
- branching factor
- bunching factor
- capacitive branch quality factor
- causal factor
- chance factor
- chill factor
- coincidence factor
- collector-current multiplication factor
- color correction factor
- commutation factor
- commutative factor
- compensation factor
- complex factor
- complexity factor
- confidence factor
- constant factor
- constraint factor
- correction factor
- correlation factor
- coupling factor
- crest factor
- cross-modulation factor
- current-amplification factor
- current-multiplication factor
- current-stability factor
- cyclic duration factor
- damping factor
- daylight factor
- Debye-Waller factor
- deflection factor
- deflection uniformity factor
- degeneracy factor
- degeneration factor
- demagnetization curve fullness factor
- demagnetizing factor
- demand factor
- depolarization factor
- depreciation factor
- derating factor
- design factor
- determining factor
- dielectric dissipation factor
- dielectric filling factor
- dielectric loss factor
- dielectric power factor
- diffusion factor
- dimension factor
- dimensionless factor
- directivity factor
- dissipation factor
- distortion factor
- distribution factor
- diversity factor
- duty factor
- electrical form factor
- element factor
- elimination factor
- exogenous factor
- exponential factor
- factor of production
- feedback factor
- ferrite filling factor
- fill factor
- filling factor
- filter factor
- fineness factor
- fixed factor
- flare factor
- flex-ATX form factor
- force factor
- form factor
- free factor
- frequency multiplication factor
- fudge factor
- fullness factor
- gap factor
- gas-amplification factor
- gas-content factor
- gas-multiplication factor
- geometric factor
- geometry factor
- g-factor
- greatest common factor
- greatest prime factor
- grouping factor
- growth factor
- harmonic distortion factor
- heat conductivity factor
- human factor
- hysteresis factor
- impedance mismatch factor
- improvement factor
- inductive branch quality factor
- injection factor
- interlace factor
- interleave factor
- Kell factor
- K-factor
- Landé factor
- leakage factor
- literal factor
- load factor
- loss factor
- lowest common factor
- LPX form factor
- luminosity factor
- luminous factor
- magnetic dissipation factor
- magnetic form factor
- magnetic leakage factor
- magnetic loss factor
- magnetic power factor
- magnetic splitting factor
- magnetostrictive sensitivity factor
- magnification factor
- magnitude factor
- mains decoupling factor
- mains-interference immunity factor
- mechanical quality factor
- micro-ATX form factor
- mini-ATX form factor
- mismatch factor
- mismatching factor
- modifying factor
- modulation factor
- mu factor
- multiplication factor
- multiplying factor
- mutual inductance factor
- nature factor
- NLX form factor
- noise factor
- noise improvement factor
- nonlinear distortion factor
- nuclear g-factor
- nuclear Landé factor
- nuclear magnetic splitting factor
- numerical factor
- operation factor
- output factor
- overload factor
- packing factor
- peak factor
- penetration factor
- performance factor
- permeability rise factor
- phase factor
- photomultiplication factor
- piezoelectric coupling factor
- pitch factor
- plane-Earth factor
- polarization mismatch factor
- polarization receiving factor
- post-deflection acceleration factor
- power factor
- propagation factor
- propagation terrain factor
- proximity factor
- pulse duty factor
- punch-through factor
- Q-factor
- quality factor
- radiance factor
- reactive factor
- readiness factor
- receiver noise factor
- rectification factor
- rectifier form factor
- reduced quality factor
- reflection factor
- regularization factor
- relative erythemal factor
- relative severity factor
- reliability factor
- relocation factor
- repairability factor
- repeatability factor
- repeating measure factor
- restorability factor
- RF demagnetizing factor
- ripple factor
- rolloff factor
- SA factor
- safety factor
- saturation factor
- scale factor
- scaling factor
- secondary-electron emission factor
- sector interleave factor
- selective availability factor
- shadow factor
- shape factor
- shield factor
- shielding factor
- signal-to-noise factor
- skip factor
- sky factor
- slowing factor
- smoothing factor
- space factor
- space-charge growth factor
- speed-up factor
- spherical-Earth factor
- spot noise factor
- spread factor
- stability factor
- stabilization factor
- standing-wave loss factor
- storage factor
- structure factor
- surround factor
- switching factor
- time-scaling factor
- transfer factor
- transition factor
- transmission factor
- transport factor
- unitary factor
- unity power factor
- unloaded dissipation factor
- utilization factor
- vacuum factor
- velocity factor
- visibility factor
- voltage amplification factor
- weight factor
- weighting factor
- windchill factor
- winding factor
- within factor
- WTX form factor
- Y factor
- Z factor

Инвестиции
1. (также financial investment) Вложения в ценные бумаги. Портфельные инвестиции (см. Portfolio) имеют своей целью получение спекулятивной прибыли за счет роста стоимости финансовых активов. 2. Затраты капитала (capital expenditure) на приобретение материальных активов (инвестиции в основной капитал - fixed investment) и накопление материально-производственных запасов (см. Inventory investment). Экономическая теория рассматривает инвестиции именно в этом толковании, т.е. как расходы на создание, наращивание, реконструкцию и техническое перевооружение основного капитала. Считается, что они создают новые материальные блага, способствуя увеличению производственного потенциала страны, в то время как инвестиции в финансовые активы лишь переносят право собственности на уже существующие активы с одного субъекта на другой. Для финансирования инвестиций необходимо, чтобы часть текущего потребления сберегалась. Инвестиции являются компонентом совокупного спроса и вливаниями в круговой поток национального дохода. Государственные инвестиции в создание общественных благ (см. Social products) считаются частью государственных расходов. Таким образом, инвестиционные расходы состоят из вложений только частного сектора. Инвестиции можно разделить на валовые и чистые. Валовые инвестиции - это сумма всех капиталовложений в экономике страны за определенный период времени (обычно за год). Чистые инвестиции - это валовые инвестиции минус амортизация основного капитала. Объем инвестиций в основной капитал обуславливается не только необходимостью замены изношенного и устаревшего оборудования, но также предельной эффективностью капитала (см. Marginal efficiency of capital/investment) и уровнем процентной ставки. Предельная эффективность капитала в свою очередь зависит от уверенности бизнеса в будущем и от ожиданий в отношении будущего спроса. Неопределенность экономической ситуации в краткосрочном периоде означает, что планируемый объем вложений в основной капитал может значительно меняться с течением времени, вызывая колебания спроса на товары производственного назначения. Иначе говоря, заметные изменения инвестиционного компонента совокупного спроса приводят к еще большим колебаниям уровня производства и занятости (эффект мультипликатора) (см. Business cycle). В долгосрочной перспективе инвестиции играют важную роль в процветании общества. Строительство новых предприятий, оснащение их современным оборудованием, вложения в высокие технологии и новые товары позволяют увеличить количество и улучшить качество товаров и услуг, а вложения в сферу общественных благ - поднять на более высокий уровень качество жизни. Ср.: Disinvestment 1. Cм. Economic growth, Capital accumulation, Capital deepening, Capital goods, Capital stock, Capital widening, Investment schedule, Autonomous investment, Induced investment, Foreign investment, Investment incentives, Investment appraisal.